Crutsinger, G. M. et al. 2014. Testing a “genes-to-ecosystems”
approach to understanding aquatic–terrestrial linkages. Molecular
Ecology 23:5888–5903.
Abstract
A ‘genes-to-ecosystems’ approach has been proposed as a novel avenue for integrating the consequences of intraspecific genetic variation with the underlying genetic architecture of a species to shed light on the relationships among hierarchies of ecological organization (genes
individuals
communities
ecosystems). However, attempts to identify genes with major effect on
the structure of communities and/or ecosystem processes have been
limited and a comprehensive test of this approach has yet to emerge.
Here, we present an interdisciplinary field study that integrated a
common garden containing different genotypes of a dominant, riparian
tree, Populus trichocarpa, and aquatic mesocosms to determine
how intraspecific variation in leaf litter alters both terrestrial and
aquatic communities and ecosystem functioning. Moreover, we incorporate
data from extensive trait screening and genome-wide association studies
estimating the heritability and genes associated with litter
characteristics. We found that tree genotypes varied considerably in the
quality and production of leaf litter, which contributed to variation
in phytoplankton abundances, as well as nutrient dynamics and light
availability in aquatic mesocosms. These ‘after-life’ effects of litter
from different genotypes were comparable to the responses of terrestrial
communities associated with the living foliage. We found that multiple
litter traits corresponding with aquatic community and ecosystem
responses differed in their heritability. Moreover, the underlying
genetic architecture of these traits was complex, and many genes
contributed only a small proportion to phenotypic variation. Our results
provide further evidence that genetic variation is a key component of
aquatic–terrestrial linkages, but challenge the ability to predict
community or ecosystem responses based on the actions of one or a few
genes.
Abstract
A ‘genes-to-ecosystems’ approach has been proposed as a novel avenue for integrating the consequences of intraspecific genetic variation with the underlying genetic architecture of a species to shed light on the relationships among hierarchies of ecological organization (genes
Este artículo utiliza el acercamiento "genes-a-ecosistemas", es decir ver cómo la composición genética de los individuos de una especie puede tener una influencia en las comunidades y la dinámica del ecosistema del que forman parte. En este caso, examinaron el efecto de hojas secas de árboles con diferentes genotipos sobre estanques de agua.
Seleccioné el artículo por dos motivos. Primero, me pareció muy interesante poner sobre la mesa la posibilidad de examinar juntos al componente más básico de la biodiversidad, la diversidad genética, y el más complejo, las interacciones dentro de un ecosistema. El tema es relativamente nuevo, así que aunque ninguna de nosotras está trabajando en ello me parece que es bueno tener en el radar que este tipo de cosas se pueden y se están haciendo. Sus resultados no fueron contundentes y terminan por subrayar la complejidad del sistema y decir que falta mucho por investigar, pero hay un par de resultados interesantes a discutir. Segundo, tienen un muy buen diseño experimental y en general análisis bien planeados y elegantes. Creo que vale la pena pensar en cómo este tipo de experimentos y datos podrían aplicarse a otros modelos de estudio, desde las razas de maíz hasta las comunidades de artrópodos de un bosque.